Control system



w. H; WINEMAVN comma SYSTEM Filed June 28,1940

s mats-sheet 1 ale/Y 212220212022 YAw/a-m Oct. 23, 1945. w. H. WINEMANCONTROL SYSTEM Filed June 28, 1940 5- shegts -sheet 3 Ill-n [520622202 1Made 17 Wz'zzezzzam i/l Mm.

Ot. 23, i945.

Filed June 28', 1940 5-Sheets-Sheet 4 may Oct. 23, 1945. w. H. WINEMANCONTROL SYSTEM.

Filed June 28, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 [22276222022 /7 Zdzzezzmzw WadePatented Oct. 23, 1945 Wade H. Wineman, Michigan City, Ind., assignor toSullivan Machinery Company, a corporation of Massachusetts ApplicationJune 28, 1940, Serial No. 343,008

8 Claims. (01. 121-158) r This invention relates to control systems formotors, and more particularly to apparatus for automatically controllingthe supply to and exhaust from motor cylinders, such as pumping motorcylinders, of operating pressure fluid.

In oil Wells in which the bottom hole pressure has become so reducedthat the oil ceases to flow naturally fromthe wells, it has becomecommon practice to produce each well by a pump located near the bottomof the well, and to drive the pump by a rod connected to a power-drivenreciprocating device located at the top of the well.

Such reciprocating devices are of various types, and one verysatisfactory arrangement utilizes a piston operating in a cylinder whichis arranged with its axis in vertical alinement with the axis of thewell and to which cylinder operating pressure fluid is supplied,beneaththe piston therein,

to move the piston on its working stroke, and from which cylinder thepressure fluid is exhausted against a back pressure to control thedownward stroke of the piston and its supported load. Motors used forsuch purposes heretofore tor cylinders to a single pipe line'andproviding a single distributing valvefor connecting this line either toa source of fluid under pressure sufflcient to raise the motor pistonsorto an exhaust under pressure suflicient to control the downward strokesof the pistons, there may be provided a much simpler and lessexpensive'system. Such a system may be designedt'o connect a lineleading to one group of motor cylinders to a sourceof operating pressureand at the same time to connect a line leading to a second group ofmotor cylinders to exhaust, and the valve maybeoperatedby pressuresbuilt up in the fluidsupplying' lineafterthe pistons in the cylindersconnected to that line have all reached the tops of their workingstrokes, to connect such line to exhaust pressure and to connect theline to the second group of cylinders to the source of operatingpressure And by maintaining the return line under a back pressure, thelowering of the pistons during the suction strokes of thepumps may becontrolled.

It is evidentLthat the loads on the various mo- ,tor pistons will varyaccording to the depths at which the pumps are located,theiriction-between the working parts and various other operatingconditions. If pressure fluid is supplied through a ,line to severalmotor cylinders beneath pistons carrying difierent loads withoutcontrol, the pistons lifting the lighter loads will reach the tops oftheir working strokes first and the bottoms of their downward strokeslast. Since it is desirable that the pumps be operated withoutappreciable pauses of their pistons at the ends of their strokes, itwill be desirable to provide for each motor cylinder a manuallyadjustable means for automatically controlling the rates of supply toand exhaust from the motor cylinders, of pressure fluid.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved control systemfor expansible chamber motors. It is another object of this invention toprovide improved means for controlling the supply and exhaust ofpressure fluid relative to the cylinders of the expansible chambermotors. It is still another object of this invention to pro- .vide animproved distributing valve for a control system for expansible chambermotors. Still another object of this invention is to provide an improveddistributing valve for connecting one line to supply pressure andanother line to exhaust pressure and having associated therewith meansoperative at predetermined pressures in the supply-efiecting line forreversing the connections to said lines. Yet another object of theinvention isto provide an improved pumping system. Still a furtherobject is to provide for improved means for controlling the lowering ofpump motor pistons while conserving energy during the working strokes.Other objects are to provide improved means foiregulating the rates oftravel of the pump motor pistons, for taking care of leakage, forpreventing overspeeding, for providing cushioning without sacrifice ofpower, forautomatically checking undesirable increases in speed ofworking strokes, and for automatically regulating down strokes. Theseand other objects of the invention will hereinafter morefully appear.

In the accompanying drawings, in which there are shown for purposes ofillustration several forms which the invention may assume in practice,

Fig. l is a diagrammatic view in plan showing one illustrative form ofthe improved pumping system.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged developed vertical sectional view of the pressureoperated fluid distributing valve and control means therefor, takensubstantially on planes of li e 2-2 of Fig. 1.

pump motor unit shown in Fig. 4, taken substantially on line-+5 f Fig.4.

Fig. '6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken substantially online 66 of Fig. 5 and showing valves for controlling the flow ofpressure fluid to and from the pump motor cylinder.

' Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing two pump motors ofmodified term, with their:asso-L ciated pistons at different points intheir*work-- ing strokes.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged crosssectionalgview on line 88 of Fig. 7, takenthrough one ofthe pump motors of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional yiewonlinefl-fi of- Fig. .8, showing.valvemechanism, for controlling vflow o1" pressure-fluid to thevmotorcylinder.

Fig. 10 .is a vertical sectional. view .online Iii-til of Fig-.8..showingwalve mechanismior controlling discharge .of. pressure .iiuidfrom the motor cylinder.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view in plan, showing a modified form.oi-theimproved-v pumping system.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view in plan. showing another iormoi the.improved p m m asya tern.

In the illustratiyeform-of the; inventionshown diagrammatically inFig.1, .afiuidpump fl is connectecl to a motor 2 through transmission,meche anism 3 andis driven by the .motorto pumpiluid from a storagetank to the cylinders of either a bank A or a bank 13 of motors foroperating pumps in oil wells. Thefluid is .pumpedjlfvrom thetank v lthrough a connection 5, andthepump l discharges it througha connectioni.to a fluid distributing valve mechanism generally designated 1. In onelimit position .oithe distributing valve, fluid is delivered from theD0nnrtiont to .a connection '8 leading'tothej cylinders of the. motorsinbank Aand at the. sa etimie fluid is dischargedjirom cylinders of themot r in ,bankfB through .a pipe connectionffi, to the fluiddistributing valve and through the valve to and the connection '8leadingto the cylinders of bank .A is connected to theconnectionlflopening back into the storage tank. The pressure of the fluiddeliveredbyfthe' pumgpiis sufficient to raise the, pistonsinthe,cylindersofthe motors to which ,it is supplied. and the 'fiui'd" in=the,

storage tank is maintained under a pressure'by means which, will beshortly described, to prevent the pistons in themotor cylinders;connected to discharge from descending too rapidly;

a connection H to a make-up tank 12. A makeup pump I 3 is driven by themotor 2 to pump fluid drawn from the make-up tank through a connectionM, by way of a connection I5 into the storage tank 4 at a ratesufiicient to maintain the pressure in the tank at the desired value. Itwill be appreciated that starting with ithe..tan.- k A filled-withi air.the pumping of oil or other hydraulic "fluid"'into i-tby t'he -makauppump will build up a pneumatic pressure in the upper part of the tankwhich will provide a back pressure on the return line It and furnish acushion. Any suitable means, not shown, may be-use zl:to introducemoreair, if necessary, into thetank '4:

Referring-now to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be noted ,thatithe-wdistributingvalve mechanism comprises a body portion i8 having a plane upper surfacet9 upon which there is mounted a cylinderblock 2i]having,alinedboresZlparallel to the surface. 19.. .Reciprocably. gmounted in the bores. 2iare pistons '23 and .2 4,. connected by. a reduced portion,25.Anopeningifi through. the wall of the block Zllconnects the, spacebetween the ends of the bores .1! with the. plane {upper surface of thebody portionand forms-With the space between the .boresil .a chamber..orvalve chest inwhich a .D valve can niove'.. Formedin the reducedportion. 2.5 connecting ,thepistonsl3 and 24,, is an. opening .Z'Bwhichreceives; a pro.- jecting portion '29.f0rmed ona D slide valvejfl, andthe valve .30 moveswithinithe opening ,Zlifin the cylinder block insliding engagement with the plane surface 19. .i Formed in the. body.portion I8 are ,passages 't'z, .33 and .34. opening through the plane.surfa ;e l9 (into the valve chest. The p ssages are so a ranged. that,in 7 one limit positionpf the valve 39 ,a groove 35'fformed in the.valve connects passagesefiand j3'4j and inanother limit positionofthevalve theglQOYB '35 connects passages .33and 34.. j'fPassagefiiisconnected bypipeflil to the tanked. ,Pipej8 is connected topassas 3 nd.pines nects with passage 33. The supplyconn'ec'jtion 6. leading fromjthefluid pumpdischarge is connected, through ,an openingin the. upper wallof'thefcyle inder block 20, in communication with the; space betweenthebores 21,, '2'! and with the cha n ber 26.

The body portion I8 is herein shownas having a'pair of upwardlyprojecting :bossesor portions 38 and 38' upon itsupper side. A shown'inFig. 1, these are laterally off-set from the axialline of the member20,: but in Figs. 2 andj3 theyare shown, in these developed; views;asthouglrthey overlie, the passages 32 and 33.";fDetai ls of. construction, associated with the prol'ection .38" will be described, andit will be appreciated that similar structure is associatedwiththeprojection 3 8".

When all the pistons'in' the motor cylinders connected. at onetimeto'the supply line reach the tops of their. strokes, 'there willbe;built'up in the line 8 or 9, whichever is acting as the supply line,a pressure which will operate means that will shortly be described tosupply fluid to move the distributing valve into a position toconriectthe other grouper, cylinders tosupplyand to connect the firstmentionedcylinders to the storage tank. The small-quantitieso'f 'fiuid'l in reversing the distributing valve are-discharged,

as will later be explained inmore detail, through Within the projection38.1is formeda chamber 39 opening through the top. o eproie tiqn l andthroughga reduced opening 40; openingnirectly into communication with(:or; see Fig,. 1, intommunicationthrough a branch passage .with). hepassage ,32; The opening "has therein a plug .41 which is threaded intothe opening A0 and is .p Q- vided with step ed bores 42 and 43'serving'tocounec't chamber. 39,1as shown in Figs. 12, andBjwith passage32; 'A valve seat 44 is proyided ,at;the 'junctionoi bores '42andfi3.'lhreaded into ,the upper end of boss 38 and forming a closure for thetop ,of the. chamber 39 is a memberd'ii having an opening 46 for guidinga valvestem flgwhich has-an enlarged valve .50 formed on its lowerendfor engaging the valve seat 44. Resting upon a by a passage 62, apipe sage '64 formedin a cylinder head 65, which closes the outer end ofthe right-hand bore 2| ofFig. 2, -with the end of the cylinder bore 2|adjacent pisum 24. A pipe connection 61 connects the cham- 55' formed inmembers 4 f A spring 51' is compressed above the upper end of the member4| and so that the bores 42 and 55 are in axial alinement. Resting uponthe plate 52 and surrounding the valve stem is a coil spring 51 whichengages the lower surface of the member 45 andurges the valve 50 intoengagement with the valve seat 44. Extending from the lower end of thevalve 50 through the bore 43 are guides 58 cooperating with the walls ofthe bore to guide the valve relative to the valve seat. A cap 59threaded on the member 45 engages the top of the projecting portion 38and locks the member 45 in its adjusted position. A chamber 6|surrounding the upper portion of the valve seat member 4| communicateswith the bores 42 and 55 through the space between the members 4| and 54and is connected connection 63 and a pasber 39' to the pipe connection Ileading to the make-up tank l2. The projecting portion 38' formed on thebody portion I8 at a point opposite theportion 38 is, as previouslynoted, similar to the projecting portion 38, and this portion 38'contains a chamber 39 which is closed at its "upper end by a member 45threaded into the chamber and locked in position by a cap 59'. A

valve stem 48' is guided in an opening 46 in the member 45 andcarries atits lower end a valve 50 for engaging a valve seat 44' formed on amember 4|. An annular plate 52' is supported on the valve and is movablewithin bores 42' and and 54 respectively. between the plate 52' and thebottom surface of the member 45 and urges the valve 50 towards the valveseat 44. A chamber 6|" surrounding the upper portion of the member 4|communicates with bores 42and 55 and is connected through a passage 10,a pipe connection 7| anda passage 12 in the cylinder block with theouter end of the bore 2| which contains the piston 23. A pipe 14connects the chamber 39' with the pipe I leading to the makeup tank I 2.w

The operation of the distributing valve will be clearl apparent from thedescription given. As-

suming that the parts are in the positions shown 'in' Fig. 2, fluid willbe delivered from the pump I through pipe connection fi to the valvechest in the cylinder block 20, where it will flow around the reducedportion 25 and then through passage 32 and the pipe connection 8, to thecylinders of the motors in bank A. At the same time fluid will bedischarged from the cylinders of the motors in bank B through pipeconnection 9, passage33, the groove 35 in valve 30, passage 34 and pipe43, totne storage tank 4. When the pistons in the cylinders of themotors in bank A all reach the tops of their strokes and there is nofurther increase in the space receiving pumped fluid, apressure will bebuilt up in the passage 32 sufficient to raise valve 50 from its seatagainst theforce of spring 51. As the valve moves from its seat,pressure fluid flows through the bore 43, past'th e valve seat andagainst the lower surface so that the plate 52 enters the bore 55connection 63 and passage 64. The pressure fluid entering bore 2| actsupon the end of piston 24 to throw it to theleft, causing piston 23 toforce any fluid inthe 'left end of bore 2| through passage 12, pipeconnection 1| and passage 10, to the chamber 6 I, which, as previouslynoted, is vented freely to the make-up tank |2 when plate 52' is in itslower position. Since the pressure in passage 33 will only be equal toexhaust line pressure and insuflicient to raise valve from its seat,plate 52' will be in its lower position, and the chamber 6| will befreely connected through the space between members 4| and 54' to thechamber 39' through bore 55', and fluid displaced into chamber 39' willbe conducted through pipe 14 and pipe I to the make-up tank l2. As thepistons 23 and 24 move to the left, the valve 30 is moved with them, andwhen piston 23 engages the left end of bore 2| the valve will be in aposition to connect passages 32 and 34 through groove 35. Pressure fluidwill then be supplied from pump I through connection 6 to passage 33,and through pipe 9 to the cylinders of the motors in bank B, and movethe pistons in the cylinders of those motors upwardly. The loads carriedby the pistons in the motors of bank A will cause them to force fluidfrom the cylinders through pipe connection 8, passage 32, groove 35,passage 34 and pipe Hi, to the storage tank 4 against the pressure thatis maintained therein to control the rate of discharge. It will ofcourse be understood that the springs 57 and 5'! will have beencompressed by adjustment of members 45 and 45 to permit opening ofvalves 5|] and 59' only when the valves are subjected to a pressureexceeding that necessary to raise the pistons in themotor cylinders.With the pistons in the motors of bank A moving downwardly against thepressure in the storage tank, the pressure in the passage 32 willbe-such that the valve 55 will be held in its closed position. (In Fig.2, since passage 33 is connected to exhaust and'passage 32 is presumedto be still conducting pressure fluid to raise the pistons in thecylinders of bank A, the valves 50 and 50'. are both shown seated.)Returning to the point in the cycle that was being described prior tothe parenthesis, it will be understood that when the pistons in thecylinders supplied by pipe 9 all reach the upper ends of their strokes,a pressure will be built up in passage 33 which will open valve 55' andpressure fluid will flow past the valve seat 44' to chamber 6| andthrough passage 10, pipe I! and passage 12 into the end of the cylinderbore 2| adjacent piston 23. The pressure fluid will throw pistons 23 and24 to the right, forcing any fluid in the end of the bore adjacentpiston 24 through passage 64, pipe 63, passage 62, bore 55, chamber 39and pipes 61 and II to the make-up tank |2.

The above cycle of operation will be repeated on ing a "b01513 whichcisac-losnd' at mpper nd lower rendssr snccti y cylinder he s 1-9 an .8 Reiproca'ble in he-pore 18 is a-piston :82 line a piston; 1'10d1'8extendin through :p clsmes 8. 2 and. 15' n h irlow r cylind r head andconnected to-a rod -86-. i Threaded. Lin-can opening-181 in-the cylinderhead 1-9 is a threaded rod SQ haVinga spring flfl attached-to its lowerend, inlaxial ali'nement :with t e ylinder, bore. "This-.yspring isquite powerful and is adapted to brings-the relatiyely; slowly upwardlymoving piston to :restivith01it=-substantial shock.

Arranged,-;:in;-the ;lower cylinde-r head 180' is a valvemechanismgenerally designated 92; havingp, lower-ehamber 93,zwithwhich a pipe94,is

chambers. Members -91xand 98 threaded into openings in the sidewalls ofchambers 95 and 93 support adjustable rodsfid and I105 in alinementwiththe horizontal axis of.- opening 96. A valve member IIJI looselyfitting opening 96 is provided withextending portions I82 and lIl3 hav-.-.ing. bores"IIl4-,and IIJ5 forr-eceiving therods 9'9 andllllurespectively. The chamber 85 is connected through an opening IE1,at its upper end toa passage I08 leading to :the lower end of a .boreI09 formedin the lower cylinder-head and opening intothe lower end ofthe cylinder bore 'I,8,..]The bore I119 is somewhat less in diameterthan-the rcylinder bore and receives, when the 1 motor piston moves toitslower position, a projecting portion IIE! formed on the piston. Apassage III in the lower cylinder head connects the passage I08 to arecess II2 opening into the lower end .of the cylinder bore 18, and aball valve IM seating upon a surface surrounding the upper-end ofpassage III prevents fluid discharge from the cylinder bore but permitsfluidi'low through passage ,III toward the cylinder bore. Valve meansare provided for controlling fluid flow through opening I01, and thismeans. comprises a valve member II6 loosell fitting opening I01 when inraised position and having a lower va1ve stem .I I1 with a reduced endportion H8 fitting into an opening through a projecting portion 9,, andan upper valve stem I20 extending into an opening I2I in a plug I22threaded into the upper end of a chamber I23, which is above and alinedwith the axis of the opening "31. A spring I24 in the opening I2Iactsagainst the upper end of valve stem I20 and iskept under compressionby an adjustable plug lar-opening 96 in -:a vertically ;exl will movepthc 190 :the motqrspistonsapproaches the. upper end of :its strok n.-;.continued upwardemovement 'ofither motor. Liston-earphones i:.l,31;. ;fiormefi am the od I34,.-is pressedtintotherecessildzayforcine any: liquid. in thez ecess throu h; apassaeeiiifl, pasta .'.springr essed;hal1 valved 35 and-throu has-lifififi a fi Mil, motor piston.-

. T eperationsef this motor 12.11 asdo ows 2.: ns-

tot ei yl nder ore :heneathsth .su-ming that-the motor piston is restingagainst .2 5 "sunbore-if thanu is de ereda a A pressurel .Flu owing,throuehcpcning 595M111 e ti-aeeinsttneqva re 1I..,.=m@vi- -s: it-tots/alertihand positiori showna-in Fig. '6, where :it otters embe 45 sem-.11 ts. lowe n s ti-on bromine I25; and presses the valve member H6towards its lower position. A plug I25 closes the opening I2I at itsupper end; A larger spring I26 is compressed between the lower surfaceof plug I22 and a plate I21 resting upon a projecting wall portion I28surroundingan opening I29 which connects chamber I23 with the passagesbelow it. A collar- I31) formed on the valve stem I20 engages the lowersurface of plate I 21 when the valve member I I6 is moved upwardly intothe opening I91, and may unseat the plate I21.

Operating liquid passing the piston 82, when any substantial quantityaccumulates, will flow into a recess I32 formed in a plug I33 threadedinto an opening in the upper surface of the piston. A rod I34 passes.through an opening in the plug-I33 and has attached to its upper end aplate I36 which engages-the lowerend of spring moved too fast, for aoperation.

124 and: l p mits rtherdesir demte o d vid -flew A 11 the, m tersp swais I r ,4, v aso rth is ate of du d-th amund the i e membe 1 moi esttowardcr imto he ,..Pmn .1 !l7, reducing or ,nearly occluding, the flowopening and cutting down thelsupply to ithe eylinder bore.

Th pres u e nui l pas es-f m i fi. cy nder @913 th o ehip s aes 0 i the.mot in tem o the "s ace, beneath-the plug -tfii, and acts on athe-10WeYend. or red I34 to move :it ,the plate 1,36 and the; plunger I31 into araisedpqSi-tionl "When-$118 pla e i mov d ntoe eaeem n with. spr n 410,Y

t -p un er, 31 is EJ165595; nto recess b lionae any fl d. th i backrintothGQIOW I port on of the cylinder bore, and the upward movement.

of the piston is stopped. I If the pipe fitis, then c nnected tot-exhaust. the. motor pistomwiul moved downwardly Joy its. suppprtedload and fluid will be forced .irom, the, cylinder through passa e 1198,Past M mes 1'15 and 1111, to pine, 9.4. The valve .l I B will homered.toiitsiull pen p sition by the spring 1.24 and the. flowing .riuid. butva ve I0 I will he m vedctc therjis t bythej iui iliit nga es, vLtheg ndof rod! 0.9 andthen he d to position t perm t o ly the .d si edrate odischarge. As the projecting portion III] on tfhe lower surface of themotor piston enters the reduced pore I09, fluid will be entrappedbetween the surface on, the headsurrqtmding the bore 159 and the pistonto prevent contact bethe flow of pressure fluid'andfhave some of thevrefinements of the motor of "Figs. 4 to 6 omitted. Since the two'motorsof Fig. '7 are identical in construction, only motor I45 will bedescribed, and primednumbers will be given to corresponding parts ofmotor IE6 to aid in describing its Motor I45 comprises a cylinder I41having a bore I48 closed at its upper and lower endsby heads "MQand I50whichare secured to the cylinder by rods I5 I The motor is supported bylegs I52 in a vertical position so that a piston rod I53 connected toapiston I54 reciprocable in the cylinder bore extends through the lowercylinder head and connects to a pump rod I55. A rod 'I51'isthreaded-through an opening I58 in theupperscylinderhead and hasattached to its lower end a spring I59 extending-axially of the cylinderborer A combined supply and exhaust pipe line I60 is connected throughbranching connections I62 and I63 to passages I64 and I65 formed in thelower cylinder. head and opening.

into the lower end of the cylinder bore. In the branch connection I62 isa ball valve I66 seating on a surface surrounding an opening I61 forpreventing fluid flow fromthe cylinder bore toward.

be adjusted to stop all flowthrough the branch or. to. limit the flow toany desired rate. I A ball valve I in the branch connection I63 permitsfluid flow from the cylinder bore, to the pip line I60-but prevents.flow in the opposite direction, and a stop, valve I1I may be manuallyadjusted tostop or limit the flow through the same branch.

Assuming that the motor pistons are in their lower positions and thatfluid is supplied to pipe line I60 at a pressure suflicient to raise thepistons in the bores of the cylinders,there will be a flow of fluidthrough the branch connections I62; and I62 to the cylinder boresbeneath the pistons, and the pistons will be moved upwardly. The rate offlow through the branch connections will be controlled by the adjustmentof the throttle valves I 68 and I68. When the motor pistons approach theupper limits of their strokes, they engage the springs I59 and I59 andare brought to a stop. If one of the pistons reaches the upper end ofits stroke before the other piston, as shown inFig. 7, it will be heldin. that positionby the pressure fluid until the other motor pistonreaches the upper end of its stroke, and then, since there will be nosubstantial further increase in the volume of the space connected to thesupply line, a pressure will be built up in the line to operate adistributing valve, such as that shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and bring abouta connection of the line to exhaust. :The motor pistons will then bemoved toward the lower ends of the cylinders by their own weight and theweight of the parts connected to them, and fluid within the cylinderbores will be forced through the branch connections I63 and I63 at ratesdepending on the adjustments of the manually controlled valves I1I andHI. 1

In Fig. 11 there is shown an internal combustion engine I driving 'amain line pump I16 and a make-up pump I11 through a belt connection I18.The pump I16 takes fluid from a storage tank I19 through a pipeconnection I80 and delivers it through a pipe I8I to a distribut-' ingvalve I82, where it is conducted either to a pipe connection I83 leadingto motors in a bank C or to a pipe connection I84 leading to motors in abank D. While fluid is being supplied to one of the pipe connections,the other pipe connection is connected through the distributing valve toa pipe connection I85 leading to the storage tank. The distributingvalve is of the same construction as that shown in Figs. 2 and 3, andfluid used in reversing the valve is returned through pipes I81 or I88to a make-up tank I 89 A manually controlled or is pumped by the make-uppump I11 through a pipe connection I90 to the storage tank, depending onthe position of a selector valve -I9I.

Fig. 12 shows'a system in which an electric motor I92 is directlyconnected through a shaft I93 to a main line pump I 94 and a make-uppump I95. The pump I94 takes fluid from a, storage tank I96 through apipe line I91 and delivers it to a distributing valve I 98 through apipe connection I99. The valve I98 distributes the fluid either to apipe line v2'00 leading to a motor bank E or through a pipe line 20I toa motor bank F. While fluid is supplied to a pipe line leading to 1 oneof the motor banks, it is discharged from the other through thedistributing valve to a pipe 202 leading to the storage tank. Fluidtaken from the supply line for reversing the distributing valve isdischargedthrough a pipe 203 to a makeup tank make-up pump to thestorage tank through a pipe 205 1 a As a result or thisinvention, itwill be noted that improved systems for controlling the supply andexhaustof pressure fluid relative to pump operating motors have beenprovided. 'Associated with the control systems is an improveddistributing valve and improved valve means for controlling the flow ofpressure fluid relative to each motor. The systems arenot only veryeconomical due to the use of single pipe lines, each of which acts asboth a supply and a discharge line for a group of motors, but also dueto the control of supply and discharge relative to each line by onedistributin valve, which makes it possible to locate this valve with themotors and pumps where it can be cared for by a single attendant. Itwill be observed that improved means for preventing overspeeding of themotor pistons in either direction, and improved means for independentlycontrolling the rates of opposite piston movements, are provided.Improved means for precluding stalling on starting, and improved meansfor caring for leakage, are provided. And improved means for preventingdama e through shocks and for delaying distributing-valve shifting untileach of the pistons to which it supplies fluid has normally completedits stroke, are provided.

While there are in this application specifically described several formswhich the invention may further modified and embodied in various otherforms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appendedclaim What I claim as new and Letters Patent is: g

1. In an apparatus of the character described, a pressure fluid actuateddistributin valve, and controlling means for said valve including apilot valve subjected to the pressure distributed by said distributingvalve and controlling a throwing connection for said distributing valve,said pilot valve having means moving therewith on opening thereof toincrease its rate of opening movement, and means for venting thethrowing fluid which passes said valve and with which increased flowarea is provided on, closing of said valve.

2. In a valve mechanism, in combination, a fluid actuated distributingvalve and means for controllin the flow of actuating fluid relative todesire to secure by said distributing valve including a valve-seat- 204from which it is pumped by the I membenlhavihg: a ciircu-laropemngitherethrough providing'a a; HHfiitew mearanGe around; thei pe'samu aism: died when; said valveai's 'operr, and

means fcm' vehtm'grflui'd through said opening;

in a -valveimechanfsm m; combinatiom a dis-tiributi ngwalve; flui'daiotuated' 'means for' con-- oprativeat one pfedeterTr-fir'ied' pressureofthe fluidier connecting" said passage means to said supply connectionand operative at a different p'iedeter-mined pressurefor connecting said'pas sage mearisto said' vent connection.

451m a v'alve mechanism,' in combination, a dist'fibuting valve, fiuidactu'at'ed means for controlling sa'id distributing" valve; passagemeans communiea'ting' with said fluid actuated. means; afluid supplyconnection, a flilid vent connootiorf, antf'me'aris for "controllingth'econnedtion of said passage means tosaid supply connection and to saidvent'connecti'on; said last mentioned means #0 the pfSsUI'es'distributed" by Said distributing 'l valve; said:vawemeans-normauy"conneoting said passage-meansfiosaid vent connection and Oper siting atajpredetermi-nedmaximum pressure for connecting saitf passage means tosaid SuppIy'" f 35* 5". "In"a'1 valve mechanism, incombihation, a"disconnection.

t'rfloutin' valve-fluid actuated-"means for-controlli-ng said 'distrihuting "valve, passage'means communicating with said fluid actuatedmeahs', avent connection, a fluid supply *conn'ection leading from saiddistributing valve; andm'eans incIucI ing 'a pilot'va'lve subjected tothe pressures insaid" fluid supply co'nneption andoperative 'at'predetermmea pr'essures for connecting-said -pas'sage means directly tosaidvent connection or to said fluid supply connection, said pilot valveoperating at a maximum pressure-to connect said passage means to saidsupply connection.

6. In a valve mechanism, in-eombination; a distfibutingvalvej fluidactuated means' 'fo'r controlling said distribifting" .val've, and meansfor' a: valve engagea'ibler withw saidzseat andmrbfeofiedvcontinuouslytovthe pressures ofi this fluid dis? trihutect; said: distributingvalve; a PESSZEBGXM tending" axially: from'sa'id valve seat; 'passage;

means communi'cati ngxwith saidzpassage between the: ends" of the latterfor 'oohduotings'opeafating fluidi' to and" fiomf-sai'dfit'xid'azctuated"=mea;ns',i. means for venting fluid from therenii of 'saidfpassage remote from said; valve and:

i movable with saidi valv. betweencpoints at themp tuatedvmearrsoperative 'on the supply 'of 'pressuref fluid th'eTeto for actuatingsaiddfstiibutmgva'lve to colnneo'tf" saict passage means to said exhaustcommotion a t'hrowing" connection fiori said' fiiiid' aetuated means;vesting means, and means in cmdini a "pflot' valve subjetzted to thepressures in saiwpaissage means 'for cont'1o11ixig the connection ofsaid throwing Connection with -saiid venting means @5116 said passagemeans;

a 8. In a valve mechanism", in odmloination, a;distrifiu'ting'valvlfltfid supplyanwexhaustf com nectiops,passagemeansadapted *to'be c'onrneticecl by-saiduistriburmg valve to'sai fiumsupplyi and' exhahst connections; fiui'd actuated means forcbnti'ollfng said distributing-Waive, 'said fluid actuated meansoperative oh the 1 Suppl-y I of pressure flfiid thereto 1 for actuatingsaid distrflmtihg' vaiIvej toco-nnect saidpass'age meansto' said exhaiast eoxinect'i'on, a=throwin'g conneotion *forsaid flt ifd' actuatedmeans; venting" means: andmeans incl-(wing a pilot valve subj e'ct'ed'=w the pressures" in said" passage means' for contiolfing the conneotionof" said" throwing "connectionvr'i'th said venting means-andsaio passagemeans; said pilot valve operative at a predetermined" maximmn pressurein saiifm'assage' means for "connecting said throwing connection i-n'-cm hmuni'eation Withsaidpassage means; and "operative-whensaid passagemeans is connected to exhaust for con- -1Ieting said throwing"connection in free'commumcafion with said vehting' means.

-' WADEHQWINEMAN' 5

